To enhance internet connectivity across the country, the government is implementing various projects under the Digital Bharat Nidhi (formerly USOF). Key projects awarded to BSNL include the 4G Saturation Project, aimed at providing 4G mobile services in uncovered villages, and the Border Out Posts (BOP)/Border Intelligence Posts (BIP) Project, which delivers 4G-based mobile services at border posts. Comprehensive details about these initiatives can be found on the official website.
Additionally, the BharatNet Project (previously known as the National Optical Fiber Network) is being implemented in phases to provide broadband connectivity to all Gram Panchayats nationwide. Under BharatNet Phase-II, eight states—Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Jharkhand, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, Tamil Nadu, and Telangana—are executing the project under the State-Led Model. While Digital Bharat Nidhi funds the linear GPON (Gigabit Passive Optical Network) architecture, states like Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, and Chhattisgarh have upgraded to enhanced ring architecture using IP-MPLS (Internet Protocol Multi-Protocol Label Switching) technology, supported by state government contributions.
On August 4, 2023, the Union Cabinet approved the Amended BharatNet Program, allocating ₹1.39 lakh crore to extend fiber connectivity to all Gram Panchayats and villages on a demand basis. This includes provisions for 1.5 crore high-speed FTTH (Fiber-to-the-Home) broadband connections in rural areas. BSNL serves as the Project Management Agency for this initiative. As of November 4, 2024, a total of 11,74,536 FTTH broadband connections have been established in rural areas through the BharatNet network.
To boost digital literacy in rural and tribal areas, several schemes are being implemented under Digital India initiatives. These include the Pradhan Mantri Gramin Digital Saksharta Abhiyaan (PMGDISHA), the National Knowledge Network (NKN), and BHASHINI, among others. These efforts aim to bridge the digital divide and empower rural communities with advanced digital tools and services.
